Humber Admissions Practice Test

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What is defined as a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table?

Group
Period
Series
Cluster

The correct answer is: Period

A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table is called a period. In the periodic table, periods are aligned horizontally, and each period signifies a new level of electron shells being filled around the atomic nucleus. As you move from left to right within a period, one proton and one electron are added to the elements, which leads to a gradual change in properties, such as increasing electronegativity and ionization energy. Groups, on the other hand, refer to the vertical columns in the periodic table that contain elements with similar chemical properties, due to their similar valence electron configurations. Series and cluster are not standard terms used in the context of the periodic table and do not specifically describe rows or columns of elements. Understanding periods is essential for recognizing trends in elemental properties as you explore the layout and organization of the periodic table.